Electrical apparatus



July 7, 1925.

J. A. HARLN ET AL ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed March 31, 1925 5 Sheets-SheetV l -SL Mlm L @JU-1.657177- lla July 7, 1925.

J. A. HARLAN ET AL ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed March 31, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 /06 99 fr. (I 97; l Il I n 'IIKYWW I`IJ i las mi w ,-2, /00

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53 faz/*5.7120115 July 7, 1925.

v 1,545,423 J. A. HARLAN ET AL ELECTRI CAL APPARATUS Filed MaICh 31, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet' 3 11.227511' Zal-'5 July 7, i925 y545A23 v J, A. HARLAN ET AL 'ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed March 5l, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet -1 l i i 1 l l i l l July 7, 1925. 1,545,423

J. A; HARLAN ET A1.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS v Filed March 31,v 1925 5 sheets-sheet e [27 fan fm f /DSEPHIQLLENHAHLAN AND FHANKF5TARR. Eq f "399m .EJF QZ Zf'rzeg Patented July 7, 1925. i

Unirse s'rarss muni* oFFicE.

SEPH ALLEN HABLAN AND FRANK F. STARR, OF DAYTOIN. OHIO, SSIGNRS T0 DELC-LIGHT COMPANY, F DAYTON, CHIC, A CORORATION OF DELAVRE.

A ELECTRKCAL APPARATUS.

l Application filed March. 31, 195153A Serial No. GZSGS.

To all .fw/minet 172,01/ emiffcm: from lie following ilescripioii ol. a `pre- 'Be it known that we. Josiirii Amis): linie eried forni 'thereof referene being anule io LAN and FRANK F. STARR, Citizens of the ilie accompanying ilraiiiiigs. United S'aies of Anieriea, residing ai; Eay- In i'-lie drawings: 55 ion. eoiiiiy of llonigjoiiiery, Slale of Ohio, Fig. l is au elei'atioii slioiviiigr one end o@ liave iii'ieiiieil certain new and useful l-iiinii elecirieal `reiierating plant and separate iii'oi'eiiienis in Eleeirieal Apparatus. oi"V panels for supporting" tlie manual control.- ii'liieli llie following a fall. clear, .and` exling Clei'iees and ilie aiitoiiiaie controlling arl description. iiieeliaiiisni; 60 i9 Thisinvention relaies systems or" elee- Fig. 2 av wiring diagram oi. the sysleiii i'ieal -ei.ei:itioii and liaery eli; ging` and oi niaiiual Control; iizii'ieularly te liat rpe of s i'ereni. in ii'liieli Fig. 3 a wiring: diagram of tlie anio-l `a LQiiei'aioi' is (li'ii'en liy an engine for pro niaie system of eoiitrol;

lu/ring eleeiriea eiirien i"or supplying a u'oi'l: circuit siuli as a pov-:er eireuiv iiieliidiiiiiei'l manual and automatic controlling' iirgl inoois or a Stora i iiarerv rireiiih s fsieii'is; Y

lt is niiioiig lie oliieeis o rlie present iii- Wig. o is a plan View or" the sub-panel or i'eiiiion le provide an eleeli'i al geiierai'iiiiig terminal. lioaro: and .s rsieni` ilie starting or stopping of irliicli is Fig; 6 is a sectional View on line 6 6 of 70 eonlroilefl manually' oi'. auioinaiiealliv iii Fig, 5, and shows a fragment of ilie ampere ii'esponse o seine ileiiiaiul 'for euri-ent lily a lioiir roeier. ii'oil; eireiii. lii this eoiiiieeioii it is aur- 'in the drawing i'l'iei' olijeet. of." ilie invention o provide niaiiig. 4 is a wiring* diagram of lie eoiii- 65 s, 2O designates an internalkeoinlinstion engine drivingv a generator ualli operable inei'liaiiisin for starring ilie S21, the engine and generaor forming a iiiii- 7 plaii. autoiiiaiie means 'for starting' Vlie raiy siructure known. as a power planl' or plant in response io a eeriaiii euri-enr (le power unit. The power nnifl supports av mand. :iiul .means iror seleeiiiigleiilier-i'lie switeli panel 22 oii *.i'liieli are mounted a manual inea'ns or ili aiioinaiie` ymeans for manually operable staringfleviee 23 and a plan( eoiiirol. eireuil` seleeiiiiiir siicli 24. `This sii'iteli Q4 30 :ze Siu-li a system of Control requires ilie iiSe is used for rendering tlie aiitoiiiaie oriliey ox a relaiifel)Y lai-lare nuiiiliei' of eleerieal manual.eoiiii'ol s vsteiii operative as desired, connect-ions ineliulii a' tlie terminals of' tlie and wlien this swieli placed in open posi# iliifi'ereiii insiruinenialiiies and eonneeiing rion. die plant an lie, stopped no matter wires. 1l uol generali),v practical toti'aiis- Wlieliei it. lias ineen started o v manual or 35 pori lie s rsieiu with all its parts iii asseiiiautoinaie means. The panel Q2 Supports bled ielaiion. eoiisequeii'ly i( is au aiiii olf also a inisli buffon opei'aeil igniiioii switeli tlie iii'eseiii invention io so eoiisli'ue lie 25 im ufzn in a' special way to be depai-ls ilial a greater partei' flieiii' ina)v lie scribed. ioiiiiieei on a support independsliiiiiieil in asseiiiliieil i'elai'ioii .rliile ollier pnt of tlie, power uiiitl'lie infomatie Control- 90 40 pars" `L'eiirally lire ones iiioie @asiliv lirokeii ling apparaiis iiieliieles a Switch panel 2.6 iii li'ansimraiioii. ina)7 lie shipped nelaelieii supiioriiiff an aiiipeie-lioiir meier 27, and iii preferably separare packages lo lessen ilie 4sani apiiaraiiis also iiiolucles a Swiieli panel lialiililj,Y of breakage iinriiig' sliiiiinen. 2S eoinik'ii'ising a starting switch relay 29. a., l `iii'ilif.ii^iiiore, it is an olijeet lo eoiisiiuel illie Starling ,switch 30, a load swifeli relay 31, 95

45 parte oi die s ifsteiii. ilie (leiaelieil portions and e. load Sivit/gli 82, and a cranking cutopi the sys'eni may lie asseiiiliieil at ilie place oui 33 of'cleeinaiion by unskilled 'sons willi lie llie edil of a few simple iiisriieioiis rfilioii ref elise o a. oeiiiplieat-eil- \i'ii'iii tlier and. further objects and advantages of the presentnrenl-on will be apparent preferred nieliofl of installing' the panels aiicl :'28 is to nioiiiit i'lieni within a y; diagram. fire resisiing' and moisture prooi" liox 34 liav- 100 ing a cover hinged attire top. The support fox this nox 34 is not shown but quite ein returned to the maker for overhaiiling.

of the panel. these terminals being detachably secured to a series ot stil-aps also attached to the lower panel 2G. By disconnecting the straps from the terminals and .by removing the. screws 37, which secure the panel'in position, the panel 28 ma) be ieingved for repairs in the field or may jlie will be explained in detail later, 'the plant "can be operated 4by the manual controller 23 in conjunction with the selecting switch 2l until the automatic controller panel 28 has been installed. rlhis system of control contemplates providing the repair or' service man with a Supply of these automatic switch panels 28 so that the plant operator need not Wait, to have the original aut/omatic control mechanism repaired when Vnecessary, but an operable automatic panel can immediately be substituted and the defective panel returned to the maker or a genn eral repair department for overhauling.

1n the disclosed embodiment of this iii-- vention the engine 20 is an internai'combnstion engine and is provided with fuel from a tank 40 having a iiel line 41 connected with a vacuum tank 42 ot' the type of vacuuin tank used generally in automobile fuel feeding systems. A partial vacuum line 43 connects the engine intake with the vacuum tank s2. A fuel line 4.4 connects' tank' 42 with the engine carburetor /l which is provided with an overflow pipe #ltrin connection with fuel tank 40, The carburetor Ll5 is not of itselfa part oi the present invention but isvdescrib-ed and claimed in the patont, toJoseph A. Harlan, No. 1,491,987, issued April 29, 1924. lt is suiicient to state that this carburetor includes means controlled by the electrical system for providing an initially rich iiiiature of fuel to facilitate engine starting. 'if ie electrical control i means for this carburetor 45 includes an,

System `of minimaal control. The generator 21 is preferably directly connected with the engine 20, but in Fig mamas 2 this mechanical connection is'i-epresentwl by pulleys 5l and 52 and a belt 521. generator 21 includes brushesI 5l and :3.3, a

"shunt field 56, and a series field 57.

Ignition for the engine is` provided b v means of an ignition coil having a primary "winding and a secondary windingr (S1,

the primary being connected with a timer 62 and a source of current to he described, and the secondary being grounded and connected with a spark plug-63. As shown in Eg. 2, the throttle valve shaft 4S is connected with an arm 64 also' connected with a solenoid armature 65 cooperating with a solenoid magnet 66. The clectromagncts -l7 and 6G are connected in shunt and both together across the generator terminals. lt is apparent that the throttle magnet (30 will be responsive to generator voltage,.hence the engine throttle will be governed in correspondence to some predetermined engine speed. As long as thegenerator 21 is in operation, the winding 47 will receive enough current to attract an armature not shown, for thc purpose of controlliiugr the engine carburetor to prevent the formation ol an initially rich mixture while' the engine is ri nning. i

vwhe manually operated starting switch or controller 23 includes a frame 70 supporting a magnet core 71 which is surrounded b v a coarse winding 72 and a fine winding 73. The frame also supports a post 74 carrying a pin 7G upon which are pivotally mounted an armature 77 and a hand lever 78. Armature 77 *when in the position shown iii Fig, 2 is too far from the magnet core 7l to be attracteil"byit when this core is energized but armature 77 can be pushed toward the core by `means of a linger 7S) projecting from the,` levcrv78. Armature 77 carries a roller 80 for engaging a non-conducting blocli Slcai'riedfon a switch blade having a contact 83' for engaging a contact 84. A resilien't'ly,mounted contact 85 is adapted to be engaged by the switch blade,

82. Lever 78 carries `a' roller Sti for cngag ing a non-conducting block 87 carried on switch blade 88 which normally engages a contact 89. f

'lhe `selecting switch 24 inclu-des movable switch blades 90, 91, 92, 93, and 94 pivotal? ly-y attached to terminals 95, 90, 97, 9S, and 09, respectively. These switch blades are all .connected with a non-conducting bar so that the blades may be simultaneously operiated by means of a handle 101 attachedV to the ,bar 100. When the bar 100 is moved downwardly into circuit making position as shown in Fig. 2, 'the blade 90 engages contacts 102 and103, the blade 91 engages contact104i and blade 92 engages contact 105, blade 93v engages contacts 106 and 107, and the blade 94C engages contacts 108 and 109.

The.

' lll) also the automatic control system which will be described later. But as far as the man-A ual control system is concerned, it iS quite obvious that the switch 24 will be open when -the plant is idle. Therefore, before the power line can be rendered operative to receive current, th(` switch 24 must be closed. This feature of the system will require the presence ot the operator at the switchboard and therefore at the plant itself. It power is going to be required tor a short time. and

l in very limited quantities, it may not be necfthere start the engine in operation so that the generator niay supply the demands ot the. power circuit. Obviously it. is advantageous to locate the switch 2t adjacent the switch 23. The. supplyingr ot a current dev mand in the power circuit requires the operation ot Switch 24 and the presence of the operator at the plant itself. and it is no more trouble to operate both devices 23 and 24 lsince they are so close together.

Automatic plant 'controlling .vll/stent.

the windingr is not permitted to receive enough current to attract the armature 142 because as will lieexplamed 1n detail later,

'winding 144 is initially in series with windinfr l145. lhit during the operation ot the plant. winding 141 is cut outy while winding 145 carries all of the current to the power circuit. Vindings 145 and 146 are connected by wire 147 with a panel terminal 148 connected hy a detachable, strap 149 with a panel terminal l150. lVinding146 is conneet'ed with panel terminal 151 which is con nected by a detachable strap 152with panel terminal 153.` Winding 144 is connected by wire 154`with a panel terminal 155 which is connected by a detachable strap 156 Awith panel terminal 157. The contact 143 is'con- 159 of the cranking cutout 33.

nected by wire 158 with the .movablelleveny The starting switch 30 includes 'anv arihatui-e160 pivotcd at 161 and adapted to be attracted by a magnet 162 into engagement with contacts 163 and 164. Contact 164 is connected by wire 165 with a panel terminal' 166 connected by detachable strap 167 with panel terminal 168 which in turn is connected by wire 169 with wire 112. finding 162 is connected by wire 170 with wire 154 'and by wire 171 with the Contact 172 of cranking cut-out 33. Vire 171 is also connected by wire 173 with panel terminal 174 which is connected by detachable strap 175 with panel terminal 176 which is connected by wire 177 with Contact 178 adapted to be engaged by blade 94 of selecting switch. 24.

Load switch relay '31 includes a frame 180 supporting a stationary core 181 surrounded by a relatively high resistance. winding 182 having one end connected by wire 183 with wire 184 which" in turn is connected withv wire 170. The other end ot winding 182 is connected by wire 185 with the'pivot 161 of starting switch 30. The frame180 rovides a fulcrmn 186 for an armature 184 which is actuated by a plunger 188 adapted to extend partly Within the coil 182 when in attracted position. Plunger 188 is surrounded by a magnet winding 189 of relatively low resistance having one end thereof connected by wire 190 with panel terminal 148 and the other end thereof connected by wire 191 with Contact 163 of starting switch 30. When the armature 187 isv attracted as shown in Fig. 3, it wili engage a contact 192 connected by wire 193 with wire 185.

The load switch 32 includes a magnet winding 200 connected with the frame 180 of relay 31 by wire 201 and connected with wire 184. This Winding 200 will, when enl ergizcd. attract an varmature 202 pivoted at 203 and cause the armature. to engage a Contact 204 and a Contact 205 and to cause a. contact 206, carried by armature 202 but insulated therefrom, to be separated lfrom contacts 207 and 208. `When the switch 32 is idle, the Contact 206 will bridge contacts 207 and 208. The armature pivot 203 is connected by wire 209 with winding 144 of the relay 29, and is connected by wire 210 with` a panel terminal 2111 connected by detachable strap 212 with panelterminal 213 -which is connected with switch terminal 214 engageable with blade 90 ot switch 24. Thecontact 204 is connected by wire 215 with a panel terminal 216 connected by detachable strap 217 with a panel terminal 218. Con.-

tact 207 is connected hy wire 219 with a vpanel terminal 220 connected by detachable strap 221with a'panel terminal 222. Contact 208 is`con1iected with a wire 223 which connects coil.200, Contact 205, and wire #184 with" panel terminal 224 connected by t: a' detachable strap 225 with panel terminal The cranking cut-out 33 includes a resilient bimetallic member 230 which serves as a latch for the lever 159 and maintains it in the position shown in Fig. 3 against the llt) tension. o spring 253i connect-ing lever 159 with e non-conducting oase 2552.l The lever 159 carries zi contect233 for engaging the Contact 172. .lYlien tlxe binietalllc member 239 is heated it will bow upwardly end re lense the lever 159 causing the contacts 72 and 233 to be separated; The biinetellic member 230 is heated by a coil 234 connected with wire 219 and wir-e vTile miniere-hour meter 27 is provided with o slie'ft not shown for turning the bend 124, and npon this Shaft is pivotolly inountetl u lever 2li) providedL at its ends with studs 241 and 242 extending into the path of movement of the hond '.l2-l. Stud'2il is connected by vspring with e movable `switcli contact 244 adopted. to engage a stationary Contact Contectfifi is connected with panel terminal 153, enti contact 245 with panel terminal 157. Counter`- clockwise movement of hon 124: will canse the pin 242 to be engage@ ti'ierelsy and clause the lever 240 to be moved until ille piu'l is moved to the right of tlze'pivot point of lever causing the spring 2&3 to pull tine contact 244 out of engagement; `with Contact 245'.- Cl'ockwise rotation of the 'hand 121i would el'ect the return of the switch Contact 244 into engagement with Contact 245 ne shown in Fig. 3.

The blerle of selecting lswitch .24 engage-S u'contact 250 connected with wire l29 of the power circuit, While this Contact blade engages Contact 214. Blade 9i engages contact 251 connected with' pone, terminal 218. Blade 92 engages Contact 252 and Contact 252 is connected by wire 254 with wir 119. Contact 253 is conuectefl by wire 255 connected with Contact engaged by blade 93. Contact 256 is connected with 'panel terminal 226.

The power line wire 128 previously clescribeil, is connected with panel terminal 2,66

The 'coil 146 of'relay 29 will be energized by battery currentJ through the following circuit: battery 110, connections 150,. 149, 148,y

wire 147, coil 146, connections 151, 152, and 153, contacts 244 and QA, connections 157, 156, .155, wires 154, 184, 223, connections 224, 225, 226, Contact 256, blade 93, Contact 98, wire 117, ampere-hour meter 27, cattery 110.

`Wlien this occurs, armatore 142 will engage Contact 143 and establish tlio following vcircuit to the storting switch magnet 1G21 lmttery 119,n'ire"147, armature. 142. Contact. 1.43.

wire Z158, lever 159, contacts 233, 172, wire 171, magnet 152, wire ll, wire 223. contact 256, blade 93, contact 98, wire 117,4ninpercliour ine-ter 27 bock to Battery 110. when coil 162 isenerggized armature. 15G will conneet; contacts and l-S censin tine following circuit to be established etween the bettery and dynamo for cranking the engine: battery 1li), wire 190, coil 189, wire 191, contacts lfl, 154, wire 165, wire itil), brush 5e, brush 55, series field 57, Contact 97, clade 92, wire 255,. from Contact 253' to contact 256, blade 9?), Contact 98, Wire 117, empero-imm.' meter 27 to battery lli), llie direction oi*t current .flow tluongli coil 189 is suoli as to produce ai magnetic lield of suoli golmjity as to repel the magnetic fiel l pro# duceil by the winding 1.52 oi the relay 3l. This winding iti-energized by tine closing o' contacte 163, 160., uml lill. lui-rent flows from buttery lill ciirongll wire 19u, coil E89, wire 191, contacts 193, E69, wire l85, coil 18:5, wire 18 wire Vitil, wire 2223, Contact 256, blade 93, Contact 98, wire 1.17 ampere-hour meter 27, boel: to battery 110. 4'ilie opposing ellects' produced by coils 182 and 189 cause the plunger 18S to be lielil in downward position 'so us to keep the armature l `7 'out of engagement with contact 192.1"oia. purpose, to ne described letter.

The following ignition circuit is established by the engagement of armntiire 142 with contact 143 of the relay 29 buttery lll), wire '147, armature 142, contact 143, wire 158, lever 159, contacts 233, 172,. wire 171, wire 173, wire 177, terminal contact 178, blade 94, Contact 99,`wire 11S, ignition primary wlmiing 60, timer 62, wire 119, wire 254, contact 252, blade 92, wlre 255, Contact 256, blade 93, Contact 98, wire 117, ampere-hour meter 27, battery lll. 7While the engine is being crzlnked, tlie following circuit is established between tlie battery and the heating coil 270 in tile engine intime: ,botte y lll), wire 190, wir-.lling 1&9, wire 3,91, contacte i, ll, 165i, wire M35, wire 169, wire 112, wire 271, coil 279, wire 272, wire 2l9, contacts 297, 296, 298, wire 228, contact 256,'bl1-ule 93,.contcct l 98, wire ll', unipereliour meter 27, buttery 110. Attire seme time the coil 234 of cranking cut-out 23S is Conner-,tell across the line with wire 165 on the positive side and with wires 2l9 und 223 on the negative side. Normally the engine will become self-operative, but should it luil to Sturt, for any reason within o, eert-nin length of time, the heating coil 284 will conse the thermostat binde 230 to how outward-ly and unlntcli the lever 159 causing contacts 25 3 and 172 to be separated thereby breaking the ignition circuit enel also the circuit to the starting switch magnet 30. lVhen this happens the cranking circuit will be broken at the contacts 103, 101, and no further discharge of the batter can take place to the' generator and to tlieignition system.

W'hen the engine becomes self-operative and picks up in speed, the generator Voltage rises to that of the battery voltage while the discharge of battery current through the winding 189 gradually approaches zero. 1While yet there is a slight battery discharge through the, winding 189, the winding 182 can overcome the tield of Winding 189 sufficiently' to attract the armature iualie contact between armature 1ST tact,192; 1fl/hen this occurs, the

and couwinding i 200 of the load switch 82 will be connected across the line by .means of wires 201, traine 180, armature 187, Contact 192, wire 185, leading to wire oii the positive side of the line, the other end of coil 200'being connected with Wire 223 on the negative side. iVheii this happens, the coil 200 will more armature 202 to attracted position shown in Fir?. 3 to ,cause contact 206 to be se iarated from contacts 207, 208 and to cause aiinaturc 202 to engage contacts205 and 204. Thisl causes the circuits to intake heating coil 270 and to the cranking cutout heating coil 234; to be interrupted and establishes a short circuit around the series tielll winding 57 of the generator, and causes the characteristics o? stantly from that of a dili'erential compound generator to that of a simple shunt generator and .the battery charging circuit be.- coines as follows: generator brush 54, wire 112, Wire 109, Wire 165 Contact 164, arina ture 160, contact 163, wire 191, coil 189, wire 190, battery 110, ampere-hour meter 27, Wire 117, contact 98, blade 93, contact 256, wire -243, contact 2057 armature 202, contact 204, Wire 215, contact 251, blade' 91, contact 90,

wire 113, to generator brush 55. It will be observed that there has been a reversal of current through the winding 189, because the-di'erentialv eti'ect of the series field has been removed. Therefore as the engine continues further to pick up in speed, the current tiow through coil 189 and on to the battery willi increase. But the coil 189 is now assisting coil 182 to hold the armature 187 in elevated position as shown in the drawings. The lead switch 32 also connects the power circuit with the generator by the closing of contacts 202 and 205. The power circuit is as follows: from panel terminai 148 on the positive side of the line to wire 147, starting switch relay winding 145, Wirev 263, connections 260, 261, 266, Wire.. 128, Wire 129, contact 250, blade 90, Wire 210, orinaturc 202, contact 204, and wire 215 connected with the negative side of the line. The connections to the power circuit are with- 188 and thegencrator to be changed inheld until' the leed switch 32 functions, and it is apparent that this switch cannot func -tion until the generator has attained a speed sutlicient to overcome the 'battery voltage and therefore prevent the battery from discharging into the power circuit.

TheI battery will 'continue to4 be charged until the hand lili of the amperehour meter 27, in moving countercloeliwisc, causes the pin 242 to be inoved iu'tlie saine direction and therefore causes the contact ll-t to be jerked open through its connection with the lterm-2li) by means ot' the spring 2-1-3. Unless current is fl'owing in the power circuit,l there will then be no magnetism in the relay 29 to cause the armature 142 to be held in circuit making position. Obrioiisly separation of contacts .ftl and 24-5 will open the circuit to rela winding 1&0. However, it current be towing in the power circuit for operating one of thc motors or other device which consumes e relatively large amount oi" current, the rel-ag,y winding' will be energized sutiiciently to hold Vthe armature 142 in attracted position. Therefore the attaining of a certain state of battery'l charge will stop the plant automatically, in a manner to be described in detaii later, provided the'power circuit is not 'in operation, and before this state of charge is attained the turning on or eti of thepower circuit `will not atiect the operation of the plant to charge the battery provided the plant has once been put in operation autoniatieally by virtue ot' a demand by the battery for a charging current.n Deenergizing the relay 29 in the manner described causes armature 142 to drop away 'from contact 1413 thereby breaking the ignition circuit and causing the engine to stop The generator voltage diminishes below that of the battery causing a sutiicient reversal of current in the winding 189 to cause this winding to overcome the Winding 182 and pull the plunger 188 down thereby breaking the circuit to the load switch 32 whereupon the load circuit will be disconnected -tcin the ics battery ancl generator, andl the short circuiti,

of the'dynemo series tieicl Winding-Willi be broken` cansino d Inaine to return im status of a ceinpcnnti wound machinenf The separation of armature 1&2 `troni con*l tact 143 interrupts the 'circuit to the starting switch magnet 162, thas allowing orinature to drop down and separate contacts,

icc 163 and 164e, thus breaking circuit frein the battery te the generator.

The starting or tne plant may be eectedf, mitoniaticallyy Whenever there is e (iemand When for current in the power circuit,

one of the motors 130 is to be used, that" switch 131 is closed. The motor will not.v

start to operate but the following circuitv will be Vestablished by the closing of switch 131 between the winding 144; and the battery anism' is desffriieii in nriiier '110: batery ii, wire M7, Winciing wire wire 19.8, motor i367 switch 13., Wire 129, cenriet 250, binde SG, anni '1e,'2l,

imiieif/ HQ. Energircing.winding i ii canse the zirnmnre H2; in be airzieen ami.

n'iii canse the piani ce .siert in he manner as described in eenneegio'n with ie :unprreiinnr meier mmtroi. Durizg the sinrting nf the piani windings 145 :m i/ ili are in series. .1.4-4.- is e. 'nigh resisizince winding, therefore ihe diseimrge from the irai# ery 'ii is minimized. Bini when iiiv iosii switch 252/2 operaes, tile Windinv Ai is nimr Icireuiieii and tire inii amount oir exn'r ges ing eiizseugh iie imni rireni passes iirengii he Winding ii is point nntngnin iinit ifiie required. emmm ei' current for iw power circuit ".viiiiiieid by iie enlsnnnie iiieeininisin nnii fier ne genereor has Uve-remue Liie imery witzige and is eimrging tile iiaitieiy es' i'veii :is supplying Current ilo iiie" power circuit., The :inionniir meehdeinii in the eopemiing aiypeuiions of Cimries i". Ketering, Serini No. iiii, iieii vSenf.. 2?), i922, und nf Keli'miim :ind Fedrrie Hei-ini No. 589,991, iiie'l Sep. 233 i922. 1n these :ippiications eeriziin features of the nnmnzii'ic rmore i'agiie parts if packed in iie seine container lwith 'he engine. Therefore. iie. parte 'of he system have been construct/sii se thai, the iienvier :1nd less breaimiiie paris muy be shippedin assembled reintion and se finit he more fregi ie parte muy be shipped sepureteiv.

To accomplish This-residae the sub-panel or jnCtiOn board 26 is shipped with the wires enclosed in crible 250si10wn in l :iii preperiy Cmnieeed with Various terminis of tile panel 2G`zmci of 'the panel 22. The mnperehonr meier 27' is detaeimbie from ne panel 26 and is shipped in a sepiarnte package. Therefore the cabi@ 230 een be wrapped around 'the panel 22 and tile pnnei 26 be tied to the engine frame in any snitaizie manner. 'The instruments secured to the pnnei 'nreof a elxitveiy non-branlea able nature, and since the panni 22 is rigidly supported by the engine frame, the 1i.

bility to damage during shipment is reietiife 1y small. v

The upper panel 28 is mem'mba frein tile sub-panel 26 by virtue orf-the iemovaiiie G5 straps 212 etc. (see Fig. l) connecting fixe iewer row of iermimis of panel Q8 with die upper mw of termimisnf mnei 26 nii tiierefore'tiie primi 2S may be eem'enientiy shippei in a. seperate package in which iie 7e 'various instrn-menfe1itirs may be prometer from damzwe aiming shipment.

T iie parte of iiie systemen conszi'rnried sojimtwhen these detach@ system which have been eeiizirgieiy pal. arrive at, their '.iesiinnien5 nssembieri very easily ily nn.

Wiiix iie :iiii of zi few simple instructions eri Without lreference is. e compiieaieli wiring diagram. To accomplish"iiisrosnii im amici .1.6 pmfiiirii along its'nppe: mi e, as vieweu in ifi-gs. lanni 5, with ai. row ei' terminals i3, ein. 22e., im, les. een. im', me, mi im wiiivii :ire iurnteii so im; when liie P is :issezniimi lwinw iie ganci 28? itin-xii miie wiii ne iieiun iixe ermnais 221K, m. ier), au? zeile? i. speriveiy,'whirii :ire eier u Shown in Fig. Zi :uni nre gmweioneii ti1eim\'er edge n" muri Tw 380 @miesen :iii ni' the wires which tile panni 2:2 wiiii einer p a.. .i` iis Shown in Fig. 5, :me iniiiraeci. im wiring diagrams, wirf: 22"). is eminenti-'wi win irrniinui 222, lninzii '1(35.

The terni 176 are cnnnrreii by 'w nais 2li, 25E, 256, anni is' the switch 2. The wire 'l wih termine?. :unime-lien The wire 129, Siae/rye in Figi'. J3, J i l' terlnimi '25@ 0i' "witch Qi 'en {.i mit is shown 5 :1:5 inc-indin '12!)- umi u wirel connected mi; viii 25 by terniirmi 3,23, The Wire een ing)` die power eirmzi; with tern'iirmi F 8 is. shown in 5 as roi 3,28 und 128 connected nierxninn The iig-iii; circuit Wirelf renneetef wii battery terniiniii 310* in Fig. 3 is-Siwm in Fig. 5A as comprising wires 2 ami neeed et erminai 12:?, The iig wire connected wiii an pere-heer i; terminal 328 in.Fig. 3 is siiownvn Fig J comprising wires i536 am?. vi255 penne@ a u. terminal 125, The wiresl azi-' 3U. c stitne the connection rom the negar.' 'I of the battery te iie mpereiiour ine niinl 327 and are shown bota in Figs. 5. The wires BIO'and 310- conneeted :it i rminai 310t constitute the connection from the positive side of the battery to `the rermimii 150 as shnwnin Figs. 3 und 5. The coi'meef tion between ampere-hour meterpontact 244 and termnui 153, shown in Fi,g. 3,"is v provi ded in Fig. 5 by a.- terminal 344; und e Wire 343` connecting wih erminal 153. The emi nection between terminal 157 and amperehour meter contact 245 shown i'n Fig. 3, is

lprovided by means of a terminal 345 and a wire :3l-l connected with terminal 157.

As previously stated the panel 2G is shipped with all ot' the wires enclosed by cable 2SC* attached to the various terminals of panels 22 and 26. The Wires are 128, 344, :543, 126, 311% 125, and 31()1 are permanently attached. lhe wires 128, 12S), 125, and 126, 3l() and 311 are'not usually attached during' transportation.

'lo install the apparatus the panels 26 and 28 are located preferably above the engine as shown in Fig. 1, and are attached by screws 3i' to the hackof the box 34. The attaching ot these panels in position'causes the lower horizontal row ot' terminals of the panel 2S to be vertically aligned with the upper horizontal row of terminals in panel 2G. The terminals of the two panels which are tohe connected arc arranged in pairs in vertical alignment so that they may he easily connected by means of the straps e ei?, etc.

Ampere-hour meter 27 is mounted upon the panel 26 before panel 26 is attached to the 'nox 3. Ylhe mounting ot' the amperehour meter? automatically provides electrical connections with its terminals 23:2? and 328 and with its contacts 244 and 215. This result is accon'iplishcd in the following inauy ine terminals on panel 2G are substantially aliire and the description terminal 328 shown in section in Fig. 6 will sutiicc for all. Terminal 32S includes a sleeve 33() clamped ionhy means ot a nut which amps against 'the hack of panel 2G, the terminal washer 532-31 to which a wire may be jerinaneutly secured by soldering. One 126, 'making connections with .lf lllach terminal also includes d element such as a vbolt or stud sing through the sleeve 330 and provided with nuts snd 335 for making a conneccircuits of the system.' The yflbelacstud attached to the n instrument or it may be in the c such as shown at 125i* in Fig. reading terminals for theamperehour me 'fr the member 333 is a stud attached' a part 338 supported hy the frame of the 'ampere-lient' meter 'out insulated therefrom. .lhe'part is'connceted with the mechanism of the ampere-hour meter by means not shown. The ampere-hour meter is provided with ioursuchstufls 333 attached adjacent 'the .tour corners of the meter a'nd makingelectrical connections with the meter contacts 2li vand 245 and with the electric motor n'ieasuring' device. These studs are all spacedv so as to he aligned with the terminals' 344, and 345, 327 and 328. The Astuds are generally shipped l `4 messes attached to the meter so that iu assembling the meter upon the panel 26 it is but necessary to move the studs simultaneously through their respective sleeves l() and then clamp the studs in posi-tion 'by means of the nuts 334.

The battery is of course shipped separately and its terminals can he connected hy wires 310 and 311 enclosed within a cahlc 232 with terminals 810l and 311 respectively. fires 310 and 311 caufhemarked '-F and respectively so that they will be connected with the battery terminals designated by the indicia BAT and marked and as shown in Fig. 5.

The light circuit terminals 125 and 1226t can then be connected with the previously installed lead wires of the lighting system by means of the wires 125 and 126 enclosed by conduit 283,

The power circuit terminals 128t and 121) .are connected with the power system previously installed by wires 128 and 12%fcn closed by conduit 281.'

lly virtue of this .construction and arrangement ofthe' controlling apparatus the automatic controller can. be r moved. while leaving other parts of the plan and manual controller intact. By removing the connecting straps 261, 156, 152, 149, 212, 217, 225, 175, 167, and 221, from their connections with the terminals ot the panel,28, and by removing the screws which secilre the panel '28 to the box 34:, the panel Qv'inay be removed es a unit for repairs or replacement. The terminal sleeves 330 to which these straps are connected are tapped to receive screws having slotted heads by means of which the straps can be conveniently attached to or removed from the panels. Until the automatic panel has been replaced in operative condition, the plant may be operated manually by movin 'the handle 101 ol the selecting switch 24 own into its lower position for rendering operative the circuits ot" the manual controller 23.

It is preferable to mount the ampere-- hour meter on a se arate panel rather than to include it with t e panel 28 carrying the,

instruments included-in the automatic controllen, because it is desirable to use the ampere-hour meter to indicate the stat-e of battery charge at any time whether the pleut be manually or automatically operated.

W'hile the form of mechanism herein shown and described constitutes a preferred embodiment of one form of invention, .it is ',to be understood that other -forms might be ius adoited and various changes and alterations' me e 1n theshape, size and proportion et the elements therein wit out departing from the spirit and sco e oitlae invention.

What is claim lees followszv,Y

1. In an electricslsystem, the-combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby; of a work circuit; automatic means for starting the engine in response to a demand for current by the work circuit; manually operated means for starting the engine.; and means for selecting either the manual means or the automatic means for controlling the engine.

2. In an electrical system, the combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby; of a work circuit; automatic means lor starting the engine in response to a demand for current by the. work circuit.; manually operated means for starting the engine: and means for selecting either the manual means or the automatic means l'or starting the. engine, and for stopping the engine.

l. In an electrical system, the combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby:` ol' a work circuit; automatic means l'or starting the. engine and for connecting .the generator with the. work circuit in respons-elo a demand for current by the work circuit; manually' operated means for starti'ng the engine und for connecting the generator with the work circuit; and means for rendering operative either the manual means or the automatic means, and for stopping the engine and disconnecting the generator from the work circuit.

4. In an electrical system, the combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby; of a work circuit; manual means for starting the engine; and automatic means for starting the engine in response to current. demand by the work circuit; a portion of said means being removable from the system, the manual means remaining operative.

5. In a electrical system, the combination with an engine and a' generator driven thereby; of a work circuit; manual means for starting the engine; and automatic means for starting the engine in response to current demand by the work circuit, said means including instruinentalites mounted on an instrument. panel detachable from the system, the manual means remaining operative.

G. In an electrical system, the combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby; of electrical. means for controlling 'the engine including instriunentalities mounted on a detachable panel haring terminal com nections with the remainder ot' the system which are all removable from the iront of the panel.

7. In an electricaisystem, the combination with an engine and a generator driven there by; of electrical means Vfor Nintrolling the engine includingr a plurality of groups of devices, a plurality ol' instrument panels each supporting a group ot' controlling devices; and means lor electrically cminectiug one of the panels with another including connecting bars removable Vfrom the front of the panels.

8. In an electrical generating' system, the combination with an engine aud a generator driven thereby; ot' means for controlling the system including controlling devices and separate panels supporting said devices. oneot" said panels mounted on the engine; and mians for connecting said panels including a terminal panel located adjacent. the second panel, a plurality ot wires connecting the first and second panelsl` and a plurality ot connecting straps 'arranged in parallelism and cach detacbably secured to terminals on the second and third panels.

9. In un electrical generating system, the combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby; ot' means for controlling the system including controlling devices and separate panels supporting said devices, one ol' said panels mounted on the engine, a vrow ot terminals located adjacent one edge of the second panel; means for electrically connecting said first and second panels including a terminal panel having a row ot terminals adjacent. one edge thereof and connected by a plurality ot' wires with the lirst panel; means for supporting the second and third panels, the said terminals of the second and third panels being spaced so that when said panels are assembled on the support. the terminals which are to be respectively connected will be. located opposite one another; and straps t'or respectively connecting the oppositelylocated terminals in pairs.

it). In an 'electrical system, the combination with an engine and a generator driven thereby; ot means for manually controllinv the system including a supporting oanel am manually operated devices mounted therein; .means for automatically controlling the plant-including a panel; automatic devices mounted thereon, and a row o terminals lo` cated adjacent one edge ot' tbe 'panel for oonnecting said automatic devices 'with` tlhe sys- ,tenu and means for electrically connecting said panels including' a terminal panel having a row of terminals adjacent one edge thereof and connected with tile lirst'panel; means for supporting the. second and third panels, the said terminals et the second and third panels being spaced so th .t when said panels are assembled the terminals thereof which are 'to be respectively connected will be located opposite one another; and straps for respectively connecting the (ippositely located terminals in pairs.

In testimony whereof We hereto allix our signatures.

JOSEPH ALLEN llilliLAN. lilANl F. STARR.

lil/'il nesses:

eliminan Pesas; lilanueu Scl-nenni nu.

D tl 

